Graham Hancock

America Before: A Journey into the Lost Civilization of the First Americans

Introduction:

In "America Before: A Journey into the Lost Civilization of the First Americans," author Graham Hancock challenges the conventional narrative of the peopling of the Americas. Through extensive research and exploration, Hancock presents a compelling argument that there was a sophisticated and advanced civilization in the Americas, predating the arrival of Columbus and other European explorers.

Premise:

Hancock's central premise is that an ancient civilization, which he refers to as the "Lost Civilization," existed in the Americas thousands of years before the commonly accepted timeline. Drawing on archaeological evidence, geological studies, and indigenous myths and legends, Hancock proposes that this civilization possessed advanced knowledge and technology, rivaling that of ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.

Key Points:

1. Pre-Clovis Culture: Hancock challenges the prevailing theory that the Clovis culture, dating back around 13,000 years, represented the earliest human presence in the Americas. He presents evidence of pre-Clovis sites such as Monte Verde in Chile and Meadowcroft in Pennsylvania, suggesting that humans were present in the Americas much earlier.

2. Origins of Civilization: Hancock explores the possibility that the Lost Civilization in the Americas may have influenced the development of ancient cultures around the world. He suggests that the roots of civilization may not solely lie in the Middle East but could also have emerged independently in the Americas.

3. Megalithic Structures: The author highlights the existence of megalithic structures in various parts of the Americas, such as the Great Serpent Mound in Ohio and the Caral-Supe complex in Peru. These structures, he argues, point to a highly organized and technologically advanced society capable of intricate engineering and construction.

4. Advanced Navigation: Hancock delves into the maritime skills of the Lost Civilization, proposing that they possessed advanced knowledge of navigation and seafaring. He examines evidence of ancient maps, such as the Piri Reis map, which show a detailed knowledge of coastlines that were supposedly unknown to the Western world at the time.

5. Cosmic Cataclysm: The author explores the possibility that a cosmic cataclysm, such as a comet impact or solar flare, may have wiped out the advanced civilization and subsequently led to a loss of knowledge and cultural memory. He presents evidence of geological anomalies, such as the Younger Dryas Impact Hypothesis, which suggest a catastrophic event around 12,800 years ago.

Significant Evidence:

Hancock substantiates his arguments with a range of evidence, including:

1. Geological and Climate Data: He draws on scientific research, such as ice core samples and sediment analysis, to support his claims of a cosmic cataclysm and its potential impact on the Lost Civilization.

2. Archaeological Discoveries: Hancock presents various archaeological discoveries, such as ancient tools, artwork, and human remains, which challenge the established timeline of human presence in the Americas.

3. Oral Traditions and Mythology: The author explores indigenous myths and legends from different cultures, highlighting similarities that suggest a shared history and potential contact with an advanced civilization.

Notable Examples:

Hancock provides several compelling examples to support his arguments, including:

1. The Olmec Civilization: He explores the enigmatic Olmec civilization, known for its colossal stone heads and advanced artistry, suggesting that it may have been a remnant of the Lost Civilization.

2. The Nazca Lines: Hancock investigates the intricate Nazca Lines in Peru, proposing that they served a purpose beyond mere artistic expression, possibly relating to the advanced knowledge of astronomy possessed by the Lost Civilization.

3. Underwater Structures: The author highlights the discovery of underwater structures, like the Yonaguni Monument off the coast of Japan, and suggests that similar submerged sites may exist in the Americas, waiting to be explored.

Conclusion:

"America Before" challenges the conventional understanding of the peopling of the Americas and presents a thought-provoking alternative narrative. Graham Hancock's meticulous research, supported by a wealth of evidence, invites readers to reconsider the origins of ancient civilizations and the global interconnectedness of human history. By shining a light on the Lost Civilization of the Americas, Hancock offers a fascinating new perspective that expands our understanding of humanity's past and the rich tapestry of our shared heritage.